HDMI Cables & HDMI Connectors

HDMI or (High Definition Multimedia Interface) enable the transfer of uncompressed digital audio/video data. HDMI cables can support any TV, or PC video format including standard, enhanced and high definition video on over one single cable. It also supports up to 8 channels of audio and a CEC (Consumer Electronics Control) connection.

HDMI cables are compatable with DVI signals as well and no converserion is needed between the two. As an uncompressed connection, HDMI is independent of the various digital television standards used by individual devices, such as ATSC and DVB, as these are encapsulations of compressed MPEG video streams (which can be decoded and output as an uncompressed video stream on HDMI).

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HDMI connectors are manufactured to adhere to various versions of the specification, in which each version is given a number, such as 1.0, 1.2, or 1.3a. Each subsequent version of the specification uses the same kind of cable, but increases the bandwidth and/or capabilities of what can be transmitted over the cable. For example, the previous maximum pixel clock rate HDMI interface was 165 MHz, which was sufficient for supporting 1080p and WUXGA (1920×1200) at 60 Hz. HDMI 1.3 increased that to 340 MHz, which allows for higher resolution (such as WQXGA, 2560×1600) across a single digital link. An HDMI connector can either be single-link (Type A/C) or dual-link (Type B) and can have a video pixel rate of 25 MHz to 340 MHz (for a single-link connection) or 25 MHz to 680 MHz (for a dual-link connection). Video formats with rates below 25 MHz (e.g., 13.5 MHz for 480i/NTSC) are transmitted using a pixel-repetition scheme.

In the U.S., HDCP (High-bandwidth Digital Content Protection) support is a standard feature on digital TVs, while in the PC industry, it can depend on the specific model. The first computer monitors with HDCP support started to be released in 2005, and by February 2006, a dozen different models had been released.